Anti-Arthritics Activity of Cissampelos pareira Leaves and Stephania glabra Rhizome Ethanolic Extract on Adjuvant and Potassium Oxonate Treated Rat

The study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) and Stephania glabra (Menispermaceae).

Sprague Dawley rats (200 ± 20g) were used as experimental animals. Animal models like Freund’s Adjuvant (FA) induced inflammation, Monosodium Iodo Acetate (MIA) induced osteoarthritis and Potassium Oxonate Induced Uricemia (POU) were used for the study. Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) and Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) were assessed in the blood of rats. The dose of 200 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (CPE) and Stephania glabra (SGE) was recorded as the safe dose.

CPE and SGE significantly decreased (P < 0.001) elevated paw edema on day 7, 14, 21 and 28 in FA-induced arthritis as compared to the control group. Both extracts were found to cause a significant decrease. Also, a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in MIA-induced increase in knee diameter was observed in extracts treated groups. CPE was found to be more effective than SGE. Both extracts were found to be significantly effective (P < 0.001) in potassium Oxonate induced hyperuricemia.

From the result, it is clear that the ethanolic extracts of CPE and SGE possess beneficial effects against rheumatic disease, osteoarthritis as well as against hyperuricemia. The result may provide an effective treatment against such arthritic problems. Again it may be assumed from the study that the drugs Cissampelos pareira and Stephania glabra can be used to formulate novel drug formulations against the above said ailments.